Specifics of Functional Planning and Architectural Organization of Religious Educational Complexes as a New Type of Educational Institutions

Abstract

The article identifies the specifics of shaping the architecture of religious educational complexes as a new type of religious educational institutions. On the basis of the consolidation of international scientific and practical experience in the design and construction of religious educational institutions, the author substantiated the functional structure and functional relationships of religious educational complexes, provided the typology and characteristics of main functional groups of premises. The article specifies the methods of functional and planning organization of religious educational complexes, including modular, pavilion, combined and compact, wherein the latter is regarded as optimal in case of designing religious educational complexes in an urban area. The planning schemes and a composition structure of religious educational complexes are also discussed. Alongside with the development of complete compositional solutions of religious educational complexes, it is proposed to create dynamic evolving compositions, making it possible to carry out further reconstruction or construction of new functional units. The article also discusses the types of volumetric and spatial composition, identifies the main approaches to creating architectural expression and harmonizing the architectural space of religious educational complexes.