Energy Efficiency and System Resilience in the BYD Electrical Grid: Insights from NR, ANR, and FD Methods

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of the El-Bayadh electrical network through the application of various numerical methods and identification techniques to analyze power flow, voltage regulation, and system stability. The research employs the Newton-Raphson (NR), Accelerated Newton-Raphson (ANR), and Fast Decoupled (FD) load flow methods to evaluate the voltage profiles, power losses, and gains within a 30-bus network under different load conditions. The study reveals critical insights, including the identification of the origin of active power losses, significant voltage fluctuations at several buses, and the impact of load growth on the network's stability margin. Notably, the NR method showed the most favorable results, minimizing power losses to 3.46 MW. Furthermore, the analysis of temperature and solar data highlights the relevance of environmental factors in the grid's operation, with an average temperature of 14.98°C for the day of study and sun path data aligning with global patterns. The study also indicates that certain nodes in the network are at risk of overvoltage under prolonged load growth, emphasizing the necessity of implementing corrective measures, including voltage regulation adjustments. The findings underscore the importance of proactive technological investments and strategic planning to ensure the long-term reliability and efficiency of the network. Future studies should focus on refining voltage regulation methods and exploring additional solutions to mitigate overvoltage risks.