Enhanced Face Image Authentication Scheme Using Chaotic-based Bit Substitution Algorithm

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges in digital multimedia security is making sure the face image is safe and authentic. Various tampering reveal technologies have been presented to serve this aim which have been recently directed towards the watermarking-based Face Image Authentication (FIA) methods. The FIA schemes obtained promising results in this field; however, the restricted capacity was the main challenge. This paper presents a novel Chaotic-based Bit Substitution Algorithm (CBSA) that incorporates various techniques to enhance the performance of the proposed Enhanced-FIA (E-FIA) scheme. The embedding capacity has been improved which leads to the ability of protecting more face images that have not been protected using previous FIA schemes. Furthermore, integrating a chaotic system strengthens security by controlling the bit embedding process. In comparison to current FIA schemes, the E-FIA also preserves the greater visual quality of watermarked images. Additionally, the improved security and embedding capability guarantee wider application across a variety of image formats, including those with intricate textures and high-resolution features. Several experimental tests have been conducted which proved the efficiency of the proposed E-FIA scheme in detecting tampering in face region and recover the original face area with enhanced capacity, security, and visual quality.