Optimal Control Techniques for the Transmission Risk of Nipah Virus Disease with Awareness

Abstract

Nipah virus is one of the life-threatening infectious diseases in South-East Asian regions. In this study, we developed a compartmental model of Nipah virus transmission using an ordinary differential equation. We find the disease-free equilibrium and compute the basic reproduction number $(R_0)$. The sensitivity analysis of the parameters of the basic reproduction number of the model is studied and identifies the most sensitive parameters which can control the transmission dynamics of the Nipah virus. The model is extended to the optimal control problem and is analyzed by using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Further, we analyze the cost-effective and three different time-dependent control strategies to minimize the number of infectives in during that period of time. Finally, compare the results of the optimal control models using numerical simulation.