Data Envelopment Analysis in the Presence of Fuzzy Integer and Flexible Factors

Abstract

In traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaches, inputs and outputs are usually regarded as exact and real values. The Decision Making Units’ (DMUs’) relative efficiency is assessed and it is known that the factors are input and/or output. However, there are conditions that the DMUs’ efficiency must be computed while data are integer-valued and vague. So, different integer DEA models have been proposed to determine the units’ performance when integer-valued data and fuzzy factors exist. Also, there are occasions that the DMUs’ efficiency score must be determined wherever integer-valued data and flexible factors exist. Hence, some integer DEA methods have been suggested to calculate the DMUs’ performance and specify the role of flexible measures where some of the data are integer-valued and some of them are flexible factors. However, there are some situations that include integer data, fuzzy integer-valued measures and flexible factors. So, the current paper sheds on the kind of model that evaluate the entities’ relative efficiency wherever integer-valued data, flexible factors and fuzzy integer-valued measures exist, and also determine the role of factors with uncertain input or output.